Turtles Can Fly, Bahman Ghobadi (2005) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Turtles Can Fly, Bahman Ghobadi (2005) - Essay Example The mines that are made in America are the best mines according to him. Ironically, he gets injured by an American mine later in the movie. Turtles Can Fly makes use of imagery beautifully through which the audience can easily see the horrid state of the refugees and be thankful that it is not out there itself. For instance, in a long-shot, it appears as if there is a cattle grazing in the field but the close-up reveals that those are children picking up mines. This is almost like the life of those children is being compared to that of animals thus revealing the sad state in which the children are. The children do very dangerous work and their state is pitiable. Yet, they are able to enjoy the trivial things and events that they come across while being in the refugee camp. In one scene, Pashow, who has a broken leg, taunts a Turkish guard on the border and is not worried that he is putting his life into danger while doing that. A very important point is that the movie is closely related to the US-Iraq war but there is no bias or a tilt towards any side by any of the characters. The children in the movie are too busy in survival to have an opinion on the war. This gives the audience a very important message that many of those who are directly involved in the circumstances created by the war are largely unconcerned with victory or loss. They just look to get their own lives in order. This message can also be seen in the shot of a turtle which is thrown into water by the blind child but it is shown like it is flying. This indicates freedom and happiness. The war is revealed to the audience in visions of Henkov. This shows that the real war happens in the background and the focus is on its casualties. The red fish are used as a metaphor serving as a trophy which gives Satellite a sense of accomplishment. He dives in the lake to look for red fish but never finds any. He gets a few from Shirko

Case study of Etisalat

Case study of Etisalat 1. Introduction Etisalat is one of the biggest information transfers organizations on the planet and the heading administrator in the Middle East and Africa, headquartered in the UAE. Etisalat works in 18 nations crosswise over Asia, the Middle East and Africa, adjusting in excess of 100m clients out of an aggregate populace of pretty nearly 1.9bn individuals. In 2010, Etisalat reported yearly Net Revenues of AED 30.831billion and Net Profits of AED 8.836 billion denoting a 5% and 16% increment separately, contrasted with 2009. Etisalat is evaluated by Moodys: Aa2, Standard Poors: A + and Fitch Ratings: A+. Etisalat is a thorough information transfers supplier offering an one-stop look for versatile and settled line voice and information administrations to people, ventures and worldwide information transfers organizations, Isps, content suppliers and portable administrators. It offers a mixed bag of howdy tech complimentary administrations to the information transfers industry including managerial and specialized preparing, SIM card fabricating, installment results, clearing house administrations, peering, voice and information travel, and submarine and area link administrations. Etisalat has a notoriety for propelling the right administration to the right group of onlookers at the right market at the perfect time. This has been seen over and over, with the presentation of portable, GSM, Internet, NGN altered and versatile broadband administrations into the Middle East, Asia and Africa. Etisalat is likewise the real center in the Middle East, for web, voice, versatile broadband, show, wandering and corporate information administrations, with a broad provincial and intercontinental system. It is the biggest bearer of global voice activity in the Middle East and Africa and the twelfth biggest voice transporter on the planet. Etisalat is the biggest extensive supplier of bearer and wholesale administrations in the area with Points of Presence (Pop) in New York, London, Amsterdam , Frankfurt, Paris and Singapore giving a positively worldwide span. Etisalat has 525 meandering understandings joining 185 nations empowering Blackberry, 3g and voice wandering. Etisalat is a significant speculator in Thuraya, one of the worlds heading satellite geo-versatile correspondence frameworks coating more or less two thirds of the planets surface. 2. Importance and objectives of the report The fundamental execution targets for Etisalat are quality, expense, time, adaptability and trustworthiness. These targets of the organization may be compressed as takes after: Etisalat predominantly work with a specific end goal to get to more individuals to amplify the scope of the organization ceaselessly so as to develop all the more as the time goes Organization goes for the individuals to live in reality as we know it where the separation between them doesnt make a difference. This implies that organization need to perform in such a route, to the point that through telecom innovation, it can preclude the separation among the individuals Organizations goal incorporates full openness towards the client so that any client can arrive at to the organization in the event that he or she has nay issue Organization intends to open up the open doors for every single individual and affections to help the individuals keeping in mind the end goal to get the best yield and give the best execution to the business One of the primary execution targets of the organization is to achieve a large amount of vitality among the workers and other staff of the organization kee ping in mind the end goal to support the individuals with the best telecom administrations conceivable. 3. Literature Review Rivalry in the neighborhood market: Regardless of doubt concerning managed portable endorser development during a period when infiltration rate in the UAE was 130% at the end of 2006, with the dispatch of du, the second versatile administrator in February 2007, quarterly net portable supporter increments for the aggregate market practically multiplied, arriving at a rough 570,000 for every quarter throughout 2007, contrasted with a normal of 247,000 endorsers for every quarter in 2006. They dont hope to witness a value war between the two UAE administrators in the short term, given the altogether more modest scale of operations that du oversees, contrasted with Etisalat. Given that the level of engineering sent by both administrators is comparative, they accept that the quality and differing qualities of packaged administrations and advancements will be the base for rivalry in the short term. Union of global operations: All through 2007, Etisalat expanded its stakes in the vast majority of its global operations, empowering it to completely unite them into its money related proclamations which, they accept, will build the estimation of Etisalat in the medium to long haul. In the short term, in any case, they anticipate that Etisalats operational execution will decline or ease off, as the majority of these operations are still misfortune making. Solid money position: Preceding 2006, Etisalat had no obligation on its monetary explanations, producing every last bit of its money needs inside. Nonetheless, with Etisalats expanded concentrate on its global operations, administration embraced an outer financing approach to reserve its development method in these nations. Then again, notwithstanding Etisalats new obligation approach, net obligation/EBITDA stays negative, suggesting significantly more space for extra obligation limit and enhanced weighted normal expense of capital. Remote stock proprietorship boycott: As of now, Etisalat is in talks with both the UAE government and the capital business powers to transform it to a company administered by business law. In the event that Etisalat gets support to change to an organization authorized by business law, then it would get qualified for outside proprietorship. Right now, just UAE nationals are permitted to exchange the stock. On the off chance that the remote proprietorship boycott is lifted, they suspect an ascent in turnover and offer cost. Remote stock proprietorship blacklist: Starting now, Etisalat is in converses with both the UAE government and the capital business forces to convert it to an organization managed by business law. On the off chance that Etisalat gets backing to change to an association commissioned by business law, then it would get fit the bill for outside proprietorship. At this time, simply UAE nationals are allowed to trade the stock. If the remote proprietorship blacklist is lifted, they think a rising in turnover and offer cost. 4. Methods /sources of information There are a few attributes of the administrations gave by Etisalat. These attributes are connected with the execution of the organization. These are a portion of the critical peculiarities identifying with execution target of the organization. Aspects for execution objective for Etisalat are quality, taken a toll productivity, time, and adaptability in work and steadfastness in creation. We can have a polar representation of above portrayed qualities of execution targets. Methodology Mapping Process mapping in the organizations work burden process goes as per a legitimate planning work. Procedure mapping is otherwise called diagraming of the methodology. This technique is utilized essentially for the work to be stream lined. In Etisalat, the mapping of the procedure is carried out with a specific end goal to delineate the careful succession of the assembling the telecom benefits and get the sought result. All the extra data are included the procedure mapping to make it clear that nothing gets left under the whole usage of the methodology At long last fusing is carried out to join the sub administrations or sub items to make the item or administrations complete. Like so as to make a SIM, organization needs to do different sub administrations like including telecom office in it, web, GPS, and so forth. These all are joined and introduced. Cost Specialized administrations Speed steadfastness Generation administrations Quality Flexibility a. Secondary sources Optional information will be gotten from Etisalat and its rivals, for example, Handbook, which will be useful, to give the current status of Etisalats solidified charging framework. Data from other prestigious correspondence organizations, for example, BELL and Verizon, will likewise be utilized as a source of perspective point. Information Analysis, Evaluation and Presentation Any cross-classification or gathering will be inspected by the utilization of standard measurable bundles. A qualitative information examination programming bundle will aid in coding and inferring topics from qualitative information, for example, meetings. Information will be spoken to through table, diagrams and pie outlines. 5.Collection and analysis of data Before Du was dispatched, Etisalat was an imposing business model consequently; I might want to analyze Etisalat working as a syndication and its consequences for the maker and the purchaser. A restraining infrastructures principle intention is to boost benefit and in addition deals and being the single telecom administrator in Tourist Club Area, Etisalat caught every last bit of its market and by making cost on their own terms, could accomplish a supernormal benefit which is delineated in the 1.1. The main telecom administrator accessible, Etisalat was gone along to make an assortment of administrations to meet requests which just expanded their income. Here, p speaks to the cost at which the item is sold and q the amount of the item sold. Subsequently, pxq0 speaks to the aggregate income created by Etisalat from this item. Amount sold is controlled by drawing a line qx through the convergence of Marginal Revenue (MR) and Marginal Cost (MC). qx meets the normal expense bend at y and cyq0 connotes the expenses caused. To ascertain the supernormal benefit, we must subtract the expenses acquired from the aggregate income: pxq0 cyq0 which provides for us pxyc as the benefit earned. Being a telecom syndication in Tourist Club Area turns out to be invaluable in various ways including the capacity to deliver a lower enter and offer at higher costs, exploiting the nonappearance of substitute products and climbing costs, investigating new items and administrations with the confirmation of a solid purchaser base, high hindrances to entrance which chops down all conceivable rivalry and vast economies of scale displays how with considerable economies of scale present, syndication value may be lower than cost under rivalry; amount supplied is more than that under competition.8 Actually, in an imposing business model, cost is more prominent than minimal expense which shows the non-ideal distribution of assets. Be that as it may, working as a syndication hurts the buyer as they are compelled to conform to high costs and constrained customer decision. The vicinity of a solitary telecom organization likewise turns out to be inconvenient to the nation regarding monetary welfare. Because of the low include and high costs, designation of assets has not been carried out proficiently (as demonstrated in 1.2) and this is exhibited underneath. The zone under Xyz0 shows the real income expected to be produced as indicated by value X, the cost at which there is ideal assignment of assets. In any case, Etisalat has charged a value Y which permits them to accomplish more benefit at a lower information. (The addition in benefit is delineated and marked on the graph above.) The deadweight misfortune in the outline speaks to the monetary welfare misfortune because of wasteful distribution of assets and misfortune in customer surplus, which is moved into imposing business model benefit.The 26th of July 2007[11], Du was dispatched into the telecom business sector closure Etisalats close to three many years of restraining infrastructure presence. Being a newborn child organization, Dus essential go for the time of dispatch was to make due in the business sector, not contend with Etisalat. Throughout the time of its dispatch, Du has been encountering a misfortune which is exhibited in stage 1 above because of its prime shortcomings being its powerless system scope and the solid brand steadfastness of their rival Etisalat. At that point, Du continuously will receive administrations, for example, settled lines and web administrations, like its rival which will permit it to equal the initial investment and accomplish some benefit. At the point when Du achieves its most extreme potential as a telecom administrator by mastering the embraced administrations and picking up a stronger client base, it will move to stage 3 obtaining more benefit consequently, giving rivalry to Etisalat. In 2009, Du is considered to be in stage 3 as it is producing benefit after just two years of operation 6. Findings / Results of investigation A percentage of the criminal examinations completed by the police endure setback as a result of the refusal of some real information transfers organizations in the nation to chip in with security operators, Daily Independent has learnt. A senior cop at the Federal Anti-burglary Squad (FEDSARS) at Adeniji Adele in the Lagos Island Local Government territory of Lagos State, who argued obscurity, unveiled this throughout a selective meeting with Daily Independent. He likewise included that a portion of the examinations take more of a chance in light of the fact that a few information transfers firms would not supply security operators the vital data that could encourage examination. You strike a suspected equipped criminals refuge and, may be, recoup cell telephones with SIM cards; you now approach the information transfers organization for help, yet they turn you down, so all things considered what do you do? The police boss, who was responding to the widespread instances of hijacking in Lagos, focused on that the hazard would have been stamped out if organizations like MTN and Etisalat would cast off unnecessary convention and hard-line position and hold hands with the law authorization operators in battling the wrongdoing. He expressed that the late instance of hijack of a Chinese national endured this destiny, as MTN declined to oblige examiners access to the call logs of the suspected crooks which would have made it simple for the police to find the position of the offenders and the exploited person. When we went to the MTN, they declined to provide for us the call logs. In the interim, the hijackers were utilizing MTN number to speak with the relatives of the exploited person, however MTN demanded we need to persuade court request to have the capacity to enter into their framework, that is bad enough. Likewise, Commissioner of Police, Special Fraud Unit, (SFU), Tunde Ogunsakin, additionally said his examinations of some prominent misrepresentation cases endured comparative destiny in the hands of a few information transfers organizations, particularly Etisalat. He said the office has formally whined to the Nigerian Telecommunications Commission (NCC) to predominate on the concerned information transfers organizations to see reason and help security agents in the release of their obligations. The police supervisor included that it was when agents debilitated to capture authorities of Etisalat as assistant in the wrongdoing that they reluctantly supplied the police with the data t hat were required for the examination. He requested the collaboration of the telecoms firm in the battle against wrongdoing in the nation. Be that as it may when reached, General Manager, Corporate Affairs of the MTN Nigeria, Funmi Omogbenigun, said the Inspector General (IG) of Police had affirmed a methodology for the arrival of Call Data Recording framework (Cdrs) to the Nigeria Police. I can guarantee you that MTN is completely agreeable and has been exceptionally strong of the security offices in the quest for their statutory obligations, Omogbenigun included. She demanded that the MTN gives the imperative support to help the police in the release of their obligations and has therefore gained a few honors from the Nigeria Police Force. We dont oblige a sworn oath from parts of the NPF, she said. All exertions to get the Etisalat administrations response to the police affirmation up to press time the previous evening neglected to yield result. 7. Recommendation In spite of exceptional rivalry and worldwide economic situations, Etisalat has reported united incomes of AED 26.21 bn in 2008 an expand of 22.4% in excess of 2007revenues. Income from global operations expanded by 14.7% and structured 9% of bunchs income. With the UAE portable business sector approaching immersion, the conviction is that the versatile administrators will concentrate on great quality included administrations. The movement to NGN (Next Generation Network) in UAE will empower Etisalat to further present more esteem included administrations. It is accepted that UAE will in any case be the income driver for Etisalat. A solid monetary position will empower Etisalat to keep seeking after its extension methodology and eye vital securing. The offer of global operations of the gatherings is relied upon to develop and in addition the incomes produced by them which is clear from the actuality sheets above. With the dispatch of du, the second versatile administrator in February 2007, quarterly net portable endorser increases for the aggregate market practically multiplied, arriving at a surmised 570,000 for every quarter throughout 2007, contrasted with a normal of 247,000 supporters for every quarter in 2006. They dont hope to witness a value war between the two UAE administrators in the short term, given the fundamentally more modest scale of operations that du oversees, contrasted with Etisalat. Given that the level of engineering sent by both administrators is comparative, they accept that the quality and differing qualities of packaged administrations and advancements will be the base for rivalry in the short term. 8. Conclusion Notwithstanding extreme rivalry and worldwide economic situations, Etisalat has reported merged incomes of AED 26.21 bn in 2008 an expand of 22.4% in excess of 2007revenues. Income from global operations expanded by 14.7% and framed 9% of bunchs income. With the UAE portable business approaching immersion, the conviction is that the versatile administrators will concentrate on top notch quality included administrations. The movement to NGN (Next Generation Network) in UAE will empower Etisalat to further present more esteem included administrations. It is accepted that UAE will at present be the income driver for Etisalat. A solid monetary position will empower Etisalat to keep seeking after its development technique and eye key procurement. The offer of worldwide operations of the gatherings is relied upon to develop and additionally the incomes produced by them which is clear from the truth sheets above. With the dispatch of du, the second versatile administrator in February 2007, quarterly net portable supporter augmentations for the aggregate market very nearly multiplied, arriving at a surmised 570,000 for every quarter throughout 2007, contrasted with a normal of 247,000 endorsers for every quarter in 2006. They dont hope to witness a value war between the two UAE administrators in the short term, given the essentially more modest scale of operations that du oversees, contrasted with Etisalat. Given that the level of engineering conveyed by both administrators is comparable, they accept that the quality and assorted qualities of packaged administrations and advancements will be the base for rivalry in the short term.

Adeline Yen Mahs Falling Leaves Essay -- Mah Falling Leaves Gender

Adeline Yen Mah's "Falling Leaves" Works Cited Missing   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For years, the world has been oblivious to the painful, degrading traditions toward women that take place behind the â€Å"Bamboo Curtain† of China. Falling Leaves , by Adeline Yen Mah, unveils the darker side of Chinese culture through her eyes as an unwanted Chinese daughter. Shocking mistreatment, of not only the author, but also the females in her extended family keep suspense alive throughout the book. My heart sobs at each account of Adeline’s tortured life, but through it all, there was a flicker of her spirit that could not be put out.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In China, girls are seen as a possession or a â€Å"cheap commodity† (Yen Mah 100). Sons, especially the eldest, are given far more attention and praise. Families that are well off keep their daughters and marry them off to prominent families’ sons through a marriage broker (â€Å"mei-po†). Rich daughters often had their feet bound, a process by which the â€Å"four lateral toes of the foot are forced with a bandage under the sole so that only the big toe protruded. (It was) tightened daily for a number of years (so as to) permanently arrest the foot’s growth in order to achieve tiny feet so prized by Chinese men† (Yen Mah 11). Their inability to walk with ease is a symbol of submissiveness, weakness, and wealth. This tradition is becoming more rare, but still many older women bear its pain today. Adeline’s grandmother went against these traditions by not torturing her own daughter i...

Impact of Nationalism

The rise of nationalism in Zambia started with the formation of welfare societies as it advanced to trade union as well as to the formation of political parties which led to people identify themselves as belong to one race. The first welfare society was formed by Donald Siwale and was called Mwenzu welfare society in 1912, in 1939, the formation of northern Rhodesia African union workers took root, and the second world war speeded up nationalism. In 1946, the Federation of African Welfare Societies was formed.Two years later the Mineworkers Union was created and in the same year the Federation of African Welfare Societies reformed itself as the Northern Rhodesia African Nationalist Congress (ANC), under the leadership of Harry Nkumbula. A union for railway workers was established in 1949. In 1958, some members broke away from ANC and formed ZANC and Kenneth Kaunda become the leader and the part was banned. And the following year in 1959, UNIP was formed.There were violent uprising an d acts of sabotage caused by UNIP and in 1964, Zambia become sovereign state Nationalism has had the affirmative impact to the Zambian culture as it transcended regional and ethnic division and spanned the colony, this helped the people to fight for their rights. The struggle for independence along region and ethnic group groups would have being difficult and delay the attainment of freedom from the colonial rules but the integration of different ethnic groups and region gave birth to a new state.Nationalism in its historical context can be defined as an ideological movement aimed at attaining and maintaining the identity and unity through social cohesion and autonomy through national self-determination of a â€Å"nation,† or a peoples united under a â€Å"national† banner ( Nationalism has also being defined as the attitude that the members of a nation have when they care about their national identity, and the actions that the members of a nation take when seeking to achieve or sustain self-determination.Nationalism in a wider sense is any complex of attitudes, claims and directives for action ascribing a fundamental political, moral and cultural value to nation and nationality and deriving obligations (for individual members of the nation, and for any involved third parties, individual or collective) from this ascribed value. There is a fair amount of agreement about what is historically the most paradigmatic form of nationalism.It is the one which features the supremacy of the nation's claims over other claims to individual allegiance, and which features full sovereignty as the persistent aim of its political program, therefore nationalism has a positive impact on Zambia’s culture as it makes citizens realise that individual duties and loyalty are less important compared to national duties and loyalty.Adding to this is that citizen will accept the autonomy of their government and its responsibility. Nationalism is essential as it safegu ard the moral life of communities since it is the only form of political institution capable of protecting communities from the threats of globalization and assimilation, for example, the introduction of gay rights has being in vain as the culture of Zambia does not support it as it is considered to be immoral.Nationalism has positively impacted on Zambian culture as it provide an overall sense of unity across all groups and acceptance of all human beings across the country, everyone feels attached to the unitary state and there is no tribal or individuals who are superior than others, nationalism has instil to every Zambian the spirit of Zambian identity despite of their region and ethnic belonging, for instance, to avoid tribalism and regionalism, DR Kaunda introduced the a system where he disseminated the ethnic groups into different areas despite of ethnic or region group one belonged, everyone one had a sense of belonging, identity and a spirit of Zambian where ever they were s ent. Therefore nationalism has impacted the culture of acceptance among Zambians.Nationalism promotes liberty through national self-determination which is a form of positive liberty, the ability to make decisions and take actions that express what is a national value. Second, nationalism may also support the positive liberty of individuals. The negative impact of nationalism to Zambian culture is that the members of minority group are often disadvantaged in relation to a dominant culture because they have to rely on those with the same beliefs, custom and culture to conduct the affairs of daily life. Since freedom to conduct one's daily life is a primary good, and it is difficult to change or give up reliance on one's minority culture to attain that good, this reliance can lead to certain inequalities if special measures are not taken. Spontaneous nation-building by the majority has to be moderatedThe stand out point on the depressing impact of nationalism to Zambian culture is that it has to conflict, those who are not in support of the dominant culture had crushed with the government and the majority. For instance, in late July and early August some 10,000 Lumpa church members in the Northern Province, revolted. The religious sect, which combines African and Christian beliefs, was ruled by Alice Lenshina, formerly a Presbyterian. By forbidding Lumpas to join political parties, she had been responsible for previous clashes with the UNIP. A resettling of Lumpa villages by the government touched off the revolt. After being taken into custody, Alice Lenshina ordered her followers to lay down their arms, but not before there were over 600 dead, 350 wounded, and 5,000 homeless

Las Vegas Case Study

Overview of Las Vegas & LVCVA Most people might not even think of Las Vegas as a â€Å"product†, or even they think of it as a brand. Places are included in the concept of product. Places could be cities, states, regions, or entire nations. Place marketing involves marketing strategies which contribute to create, maintain and change attitudes and behavior towards particular places. Behind the scenes, the image of Las Vegas is created and maintained by LVCVA, Las Vegas Convention and Visitors Authority.LVCVA is a private-public agency with the mission statement of â€Å"To attract visitors by promoting Las Vegas as the world’s most desirable destination for leisure and business travel. † Las Vegas has a perception in people’s minds as â€Å"Sin City† for long time, a town full of smoke-filled casinos, bawdy all-girl revues and no-wait weddings. LVCVA wants to broaden the segment of their tourists and reposition the image of Vegas. Some family oriente d facilities were added in the 1990s. However, this family image did not seem to accomplish LVCVA’s purpose.While they are still struggling with a better positioning, the dramatic decline of tourism due to the 9/11 attack forced them to proclaim Las Vegas as a destination of adults. The new Vegas has reinvented itself as a luxury and gaming destination with classy resort hotels & casinos, shopping malls with luxury goods, first-run entertainment & world-renowned restaurants. LVCVA figured that Vegas is more than an assortment of facilities and amenities and what truly attracts tourists is the â€Å"Las Vegas experience† – the adult freedom.The phase â€Å"What happens here, stays here† was created to capture the essence of the Las Vegas experience. The campaign went very well and the tourism industry rose dramatically. Moreover, this thoughtful brand image has been well established because Las Vegas was named as the number two hottest brand by brand consu ltancy Landor Associate. Unfortunately, the recent recession hit Las Vegas tourism industry badly. The natured, naughty, indulgent image of Las Vegas has had a negative impact during the recession.Especially followed by President Obama’s statement, Las Vegas became a less attractive destination for business and leisure travelers. LVCVA made attempts to reposition Vegas as â€Å"affordable† and â€Å"well-desired† to target hard working Americans. But this positioning is less convincing to people with the perception of the well-established image of Vegas. Although a slow recovery has appeared in the past year, the figures are not the same compared to the time before the recession. SWOT Analysis Strengths:Las Vegas has well positioned itself as a destination of adult freedom which differentiates itself from other states around the nation. Moreover, LVCVA concentrates on the total experiences of the tourists and promote Las Vegas as the best place to travel where t ourists would do things that they don’t normally do at their home town. The world-wide brand image of Las Vegas strengthens its position in the tourism industry. The presence of Las Vegas in the global tourism industry is still growing.Especially, Las Vegas was established by various consumption-oriented industries where gaming, tourism, business convention and luxury retailing take place. Also, many illegal activities within the nation are legal in Las Vegas such as gambling and prostitution. The â€Å"luxury† image attracts many affluent parties to visit Las Vegas which contributes to a big part of the revenue. Weaknesses: Although the large consumption-oriented industry provides huge profits for Las Vegas, it has also made the state more susceptible to extreme volatility and recession.During the recession, leisure travelers are aware of their spending as well as reducing their travel expenses. The naughty and indulgent image of Las Vegas does not play very well to a ttract business travelers. In addition, the city has neglected the importance of technology and knowledge-based business companies or factories in which other states are well established. The consumption-oriented industries concentration makes Las Vegas less competitive to attract these business companies. Opportunities: The excellent global presence of Las Vegas is a great opportunity to attract tourists outside of the nation.Most importantly, international travelers are most likely to stay longer than travelers from other states. Longer stays would involve more spending and activities; Thus, revenues for the state. Moreover, the income and activities in China are growing rapidly in recent years. As the income of the Chinese increase, they will want to travel outside of China. Therefore, Chinese travelers would be a great target segment for Vegas. In addition, many companies now use social media and apps to create customer relationships and solutions to better serve their customers .Innovation in technology for the casino business would be another opportunity to attract tourists or gamers. Threats: The existing image will be an issue to project a full recovery after the recession. The buying pattern has changed since the recession, the glamour and luxury image of Las Vegas does not fit the current economic situation and the current consumers’ desired perception. Moreover, unstable oil prices are a threat to Las Vegas which depends majorly on the tourism industry. Rising oil prices will result in higher airfare which reduces both business and leisure travelers.In addition, many states are considering legalize gambling to increase their revenue and that could pose a threat to Las Vegas’s privilege. Case Analysis The most important factor in the tourism industry is the tourists’ travelling experience. It is the experiences that travelers gain while they are travelling. LVCVA understands that they are not just selling Las Vegas; they are selli ng the â€Å"Las Vegas Experience† – the adult freedom. By talking to their old and potential customers, they learned the core customer value. The Vegas visitors want to feel a little naughtier and less inhibited and that is what their customers are buying.To accommodate the benefits the customers are seeking, the actual services and products are provided to the satisfaction of the visitors. Various product features of Las Vegas were produced to target the adult such as casinos, luxury retailers, world-renowned restaurants and five-star hotels. Branding is another strategy LVCVA used to deliver the core customer value. By spending $75 million for ad campaigns, LVCVA successfully boosted the brand message educating consumers of the â€Å"products† Vegas are selling. â€Å"Only Vegas: What happens here, stay here† became the now-familiar catchphrase of Las Vegas.This image has replaced the long pervasive image of â€Å"Sin City† to a luxury and indul gent image. Although this image has been adjusted to â€Å"affordable† and â€Å"well-deserved† during the recession, but the â€Å"Las Vegas Experience† brand image still maintains a consistent meaning to consumers. As research indicated, people still demand the same Vegas they’ve known and loved will still be there during hard economic times. This proves the strength of the Vegas brand image which provides its consumers a consistent meaning and helps them identify the products that benefits them.On the other hand, to manage the brand image, LVCVA also built an augmented product by constantly surveying their previous and potential customers of their Vegas travel experiences. Support service was designed to periodically assess the value of their products offering and brand experiences to obtain feedback and new ideas for future offerings. Because of the constant research and surveys, LVCVA was able to react quickly with their repositioning as well as main tain product benefits to the customers. The most powerful brand positioning builds around strong consumer beliefs and values.However, one-sided brand positioning became a detriment as Las Vegas moves forward. Although the strong brand experience has boosted the presence of Vegas around the world, it also destroys other economic opportunities for the city and makes the city difficult to react during economic changes. When marketing a city, a diverse objective would be beneficial. And it will create flexibility in the city when facing economic changes. A diverse objective is not just concentrating on developing the global tourist and business visitor industries; it will work on attracting different types of companies and businesses.It is because the ever changing external environment makes place marketing a most challenging task. To compete effectively in this current rapidly changing environment, a flexible and proactive real marketing approach must be developed. As a result, the one -sided marketing approach for Las Vegas will have a negative impact when the city moves forward. A real marketing approach must be constantly evaluated and reacts to the current environment. Also, fresh ideas and attractions are needed to maintain the current and potential customers.Therefore, the most recent efforts by the LVCVA will not continue to work since the consumers’ buying habits have changed and the revenue figures will not recover back to the 2007 peak time based on their recent efforts. Most importantly, the efforts are not contributing to the long-term strategy which should be created to adapt to the rapidly changing environment. A diverse marketing approach would require LVCVA to attract international and local companies to their offices in Las Vegas. These companies will provide ob growth and business travelers to Vegas. By diversify its industrial base; the city will find it easier to undergo economic downturn compared to just concentrating on consumption-ori ented industries. LVCVA should create a set of marketing tools to increase the percentage of international visitors. Spending from international visitors will contribute to a big part of revenues in the future if the city can gain support from the government policies to ease travel restrictions and make getting a visa more easily available for foreigners.Opening the door for international visitors will create more job opportunities to immigrants who speak other languages besides English. Also, the city should encourage their citizens to learn a second language and that could possibly create a business opportunity for private language schools. In addition, LVCVA could attract parties to hold international trade shows and conventions in the city. Innovative ideas are also needed to maintain the current products and services offered in Las Vegas. Smartphones are widely used by individuals.Therefore, a technology wise city could be very favorable for modern citizens. Casinos could creat e apps to better serve their customers while they are gambling or offer free Wi-Fi in Casinos. The â€Å"Las Vegas Experiences† provide a great brand experience to the consumers. However, branding is pervasive but functional products and services are not. Las Vegas should provide a consistent image as well as consistent innovative products and services offerings for their consumers. Just like Disneyland will produce new rides or re-decorate the theme parks for holidays.Products and services could be renewed or add new ones to recapture the return of previous visitors and attract potential visitors. As Ralenkotter mentioned â€Å"History has shown that new properties increase visitation across the board†. Although CityCenter might affect the image of Las Vegas, it is one of the attempts to renew the appearance of this place. Las Vegas is still down from the 2007 peak but their brand image is still strong in consumers’ minds. And that represents its ability to fac e the upcoming challenges and changes.